//应用枚举类型
＃i nclude <iostream>
＃i nclude <string>
using namespace std;

enum InstanceState{CLOSE = 1, OPEN,MOUNT = 4, UNMOUNT}; //定义数据库的状态
void OracleOpt(InstanceState state)
{
 switch(state)
 {
 case CLOSE:
  {
   cout<<"关闭数据库"<<endl;
   break;
  }
 case OPEN:
  {
   cout<<"打开数据库"<<endl;
   break;
  }
 case MOUNT:
  {
   cout<<"挂起数据库"<<endl;
   break;
  }
 case UNMOUNT:
  {
   cout<<"卸载数据库"<<endl;
   break;
  }
 default:
  break;

 }
}

void main()
{
 InstanceState state = OPEN;
 OracleOpt(state);
 //OracleOpt(0); //错误，不能把整型转为枚举型
}
=========
//结构体类型
＃i nclude <iostream>
＃i nclude <string>
using namespace std;

const int MAX_CHAR=128;
struct Student
{
 char name[MAX_CHAR];
 char sex[MAX_CHAR];
 unsigned int age;
 char addr[MAX_CHAR];
}stdnt;

void main()
{
 Student stdnt;
 stdnt.age = 10;
 cout<<stdnt.age<<endl;
}
===========
//结构体类型
＃i nclude <iostream>
＃i nclude <string>
using namespace std;

const int MAX_CHAR=128;
struct Student
{
 char name[MAX_CHAR];
 char sex[MAX_CHAR];
 unsigned int age;
 char addr[MAX_CHAR];
}stdnt;

void main()
{
 Student stdnt;
 stdnt.age = 10;
 Student another;
 another=stdnt; //结构体变量之间的复制
 cout<<stdnt.age<<endl;
 cout<<another.age<<endl;
}
=====
//指针类型
＃i nclude <iostream>
＃i nclude <string>
using namespace std;

void main()
{
 int ivar=10;
 int *pvar=&ivar; //这里的pvar是地址，*pvar是指针，指向pvar的地址，&ivar是取地址。
 *pvar=8;
 cout<<ivar<<endl; //值
 cout<<*pvar<<endl; //指针指向的值
 cout<<pvar<<endl; //指针指向的地址
 cout<<&ivar<<endl; //取地址
}

===========
//使用指针变量输出数组元素
＃i nclude <iostream>
＃i nclude <string>
using namespace std;

void main()
{
 int iarray[5] = {1,2,3,4,5}; //定义数组并初始化
 int* pvar = iarray; //定义指针变量指向数组首地址
 for(int i=0;i<5;i++) //注意不要越界,越界并不报错的
 {
  cout<<"数据元素："<<i<<"值"<<*pvar<<endl;
  pvar = pvar + 1; //移动指针，指向下一个元素
 }
 
}
==========